This is where the athlete releases the stored and redirected energy, jumping for the basket or slinging the ball to first base. Unloading the elastic energy occurs next in the concentric phase, which adds to the tension generated in a concentric muscle contraction. The shorter the amortization segment, the more powerful the results. (Note: the value of the Non Countermovement or "Pause Jump" is seen here as the emphasis of the movement pattern can be placed upon pure RFD components and minimize the joint impact as well as elastic components). If this segment lasts too long, the potential elastic energy can be lost. The amortization component is a time of dynamic stabilization during which the muscle transitions from overcoming the acceleration of gravity and loading the energy to releasing it. When basketball players bend their knees and lower their arms before a rebound shot or when a baseball player pulls his arm back before a throw to first base are both examples of the eccentric component. ![]() The eccentric phase can be referred to as deceleration, absorption, loading, yielding, or the cocking phase (2-8). ECCENTRIC COMPONENTĭuring the eccentric component, the muscle is pre-stretched, storing potential energy in its elastic elements (2-7). These three components make up a stretch-shortening cycle. Plyometric exercises have three distinct components: an eccentric, an amortization, and a concentric phase that releases the explosive force. THE 3 COMPONENTS OF PLYOMETRIC PATTERNS: The Stretch-Shortening Cycle Unilateral and gravity accelerated patterns such as bounding, hops, depth jumps, and combination jumps demand a solid foundation of stability, motor control, coordinated patterning, eccentric strength, joint integrity, flexibility, and technical proficiency to avoid injury. However, like most training protocols, it must be introduced, coached, and progressed systematically to avoid injuries. Plyometric training can add a fun and challenging component to training programs.
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